Iinkqubo zebhetri yokugcina amandla (ESS)zidlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu njengoko imfuno yehlabathi yamandla azinzileyo kunye nokuzinza kwegridi ikhula. Ingaba zisetyenziselwa ukugcinwa kwamandla egridi, izicelo zorhwebo kunye nezoshishino, okanye iiphakheji zelanga zokuhlala, ukuqonda isigama esibalulekileyo sobugcisa beebhetri zokugcina amandla kubalulekile ekunxibelelaneni ngokufanelekileyo, ukuvavanya ukusebenza, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi.
Nangona kunjalo, ijargon kwindawo yokugcina amandla inkulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha inzima. Injongo yeli nqaku kukubonelela ngesikhokelo esibanzi kwaye kulula ukusiqonda esichaza isigama esisisiseko sobugcisa kwintsimi yeebhetri zokugcina amandla ukukunceda ukuba uqonde ngcono le teknoloji ebalulekileyo.
IiNgcebiso eziSisiseko kunye neeYunithi zoMbane
Ukuqonda iibhetri zokugcina amandla kuqala ngezinye iikhonsepthi zombane ezisisiseko kunye neeyunithi.
Umbane (V)
Ingcaciso: I-voltage sisixa somzimba esilinganisa ukukwazi kwamandla ombane ukwenza umsebenzi. Ngamafutshane, 'ngumahluko onokwenzeka' oqhuba ukuhamba kombane. Amandla ombane ebhetri amisela 'intshukumo' enokubonelela ngayo.
Okunxulumene nogcino lwamandla: Amandla ombane ewonke enkqubo yebhetri idla ngokuba sisimbuku sombane weeseli ezininzi kuthotho. izicelo ezahlukeneyo (umz.,iinkqubo zasekhaya ezinombane ophantsi or ii-high-voltage C&I systems) zifuna iibhetri zamanqanaba ombane ahlukeneyo.
Okwangoku (A)
Ingcaciso: Ngoku lizinga lentshukumo eya kwicala lentlawulo yombane, 'ukuhamba' kombane. Iyunithi yi-ampere (A).
Ukufaneleka kuGcino lwaMandla: Inkqubo yokutshaja kunye nokukhupha ibhetri kukuhamba kwangoku. Ubungakanani bokuqukuqela kwangoku bumisela ubungakanani bamandla ibhetri enokuvelisa ngexesha elithile.
Amandla (Amandla, W okanye kW/MW)
Ingcaciso: Amandla lizinga apho amandla aguqulwa okanye agqithiselwa khona. Ilingana nombane ophindaphindwe ngoku (P = V × I). Iyunithi yi-watt (W), esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla njenge-kilowatts (kW) okanye i-megawatts (MW).
Okunxulumene nogcino lwamandla: Umthamo wamandla wenkqubo yebhetri umisela ukuba inokukhawuleza kangakanani na ukubonelela okanye ukufunxa amandla ombane. Umzekelo, izicelo zolawulo lwefrikhwensi zifuna amandla aphezulu.
Amandla (Amandla, Wh okanye kWh/MWh)
Ingcaciso: Amandla kukukwazi kwenkqubo ukwenza umsebenzi. Yimveliso yamandla kunye nexesha (E = P × t). Iyunithi yi-watt-hour (Wh), kunye ne-kilowatt-hours (kWh) okanye i-megawatt-hours (MWh) ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla.
Okunxulumene nogcino lwamandla: Umthamo wamandla ngumlinganiselo wexabiso lilonke lamandla ombane enokugcinwa yibhetri. Oku kugqiba ukuba inkqubo inokuqhubeka ixesha elingakanani ukubonelela ngombane.
IMigaqo yokuSebenza kwebhetri engundoqo kunye neMigaqo yokuFakwa koMlinganiswa
La magama abonisa ngokuthe ngqo imilinganiselo yokusebenza yeebhetri zokugcina amandla.
Umthamo (Ah)
Ingcaciso: Umthamo yintlawulo epheleleyo enokuthi ikhutshwe yibhetri phantsi kweemeko ezithile, kwaye ilinganiswa ngayoiiyure zeampere (Ah). Idla ngokubhekisa kumthamo olinganisiweyo webhetri.
Enxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: Umthamo uhambelana ngokusondeleyo nomthamo wamandla ebhetri kwaye sisiseko sokubala umthamo wamandla (Amandla oMbane ≈ Umthamo × i-Average Voltage).
Umthamo wamandla (kWh)
Ingcaciso: Isixa sisonke samandla enokuthi ibhetri iwagcine kwaye iwakhulule, adla ngokubonakaliswa ngeekilowatt-yure (kWh) okanye ii-megawatt-hours (MWh). Ngumlinganiselo ophambili wobungakanani benkqubo yokugcina amandla.
Enxulumene noGcino lwaMandla: Imisela ubude bexesha inkqubo enokuthi inike amandla umthwalo, okanye ingakanani amandla avuselelekayo anokugcinwa.
Amandla oMbane (kW okanye MW)
Ingcaciso: Awona mandla aphezulu aphumayo anokunikezelwa yinkqubo yebhetri okanye awona mandla makhulu egalelo anokuwafunxa nangawuphi na umzuzu, ebonakaliswa ngeekilowatts (kW) okanye iimegawathi (MW).
Okunxulumene nogcino lwamandla: Imisela ukuba angakanani amandla enkxaso yesixokelelwano enokubonelela ngexesha elifutshane, umz. ukumelana nemithwalo ephezulu ekhawulezileyo okanye ukuguquguquka kwegridi.
Uxinzelelo lwamandla (Wh/kg okanye Wh/L)
Ingcaciso: Ilinganisa ubungakanani bamandla ibhetri enokuwugcina ngeyunithi ubunzima (Wh/kg) okanye ngeyunithi yevolumu (Wh/L).
Ukufaneleka kugcino lwamandla: Kubalulekile kwiinkqubo apho indawo okanye ubunzima bulinganiselweyo, njengezithuthi zombane okanye iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ezidityanisiweyo. Ukuxinana kwamandla aphezulu kuthetha ukuba amandla amaninzi anokugcinwa kumthamo ofanayo okanye ubunzima.
Uxinzelelo lwaMandla (W/kg okanye W/L)
Ingcaciso: Ilinganisa awona mandla aphezulu ebhetri anokuwakhupha ngeyunithi ubunzima (W/kg) okanye ngeyunithi yevolumu (W/L).
Ihambelana nogcino lwamandla: Ibalulekile kwii-aplikeshini ezifuna ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhupha, njengokulawula amaza okanye ukuqalisa amandla.
C-inqanaba
Ingcaciso: I-C-reyithi imele umlinganiselo ibhetri etshaja ngayo kwaye ikhuphe ukuphinda-phinda umthamo wayo uwonke. I-1C ithetha ukuba ibhetri iya kutshajwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ikhutshwe kwiyure enye; I-0.5C ithetha kwiiyure ze-2; I-2C ithetha kwiiyure ze-0.5.
Ihambelana nokugcinwa kwamandla: I-C-reyithi yimetric engundoqo yokuvavanya ukukwazi kwebhetri ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha ngokukhawuleza. Usetyenziso olwahlukileyo lufuna ukusebenza kwe-C-rate eyahlukileyo. Ukukhutshwa kwe-C-rate ephezulu ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela ukuhla okuncinci kumthamo kunye nokwanda kokuveliswa kobushushu.
iState of Charge (SOC)
Ingcaciso: Ibonisa ipesenti (%) yomthamo opheleleyo webhetri oshiyekileyo ngoku.
Okunxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: Ngokufanayo negeyiji yamafutha emoto, ibonisa ukuba ibhetri iya kuhlala ixesha elingakanani okanye kufuneka itshajwe.
Ubunzulu bokukhutshwa (DOD)
Ingcaciso: Ibonisa ipesenti (%) yomthamo opheleleyo webhetri ekhutshwa ngexesha lokukhupha. Umzekelo, ukuba usuka kwi-100% ye-SOC ukuya kwi-20% ye-SOC, i-DOD yi-80%.
Ukufaneleka kuGcino lwaMandla: I-DOD inempembelelo ebalulekileyo kubomi bomjikelo webhetri, kwaye ukukhutshwa okunzulu kunye nokutshaja (i-DOD ephantsi) ngokuqhelekileyo kunenzuzo ekwandiseni ubomi bebhetri.
Ubume beMpilo (SOH)
Ingcaciso: Ibonisa ipesenti yokusebenza kwebhetri yangoku (umzekelo, umthamo, ukuxhathisa kwangaphakathi) xa kuthelekiswa naleyo yebhetri entsha kraca, ebonisa iqondo lokuguga kunye nokonakala kwebhetri. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-SOH engaphantsi kwe-80% ithathwa njengesiphelo sobomi.
Ukubaluleka kokuGcinwa kwamandla: I-SOH iyisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokuvavanya ubomi obuseleyo kunye nokusebenza kwenkqubo yebhetri.
Ubomi bebhetri kunye nesigama sokubola
Ukuqonda imida yobomi beebhetri ngundoqo kuvavanyo lwezoqoqosho kunye noyilo lwenkqubo.
Ubomi bomjikelo
Inkcazo: Inani lemijikelezo epheleleyo yentlawulo / yokukhupha ibhetri enokumelana nayo phantsi kweemeko ezithile (umzekelo, i-DOD ethile, iqondo lokushisa, i-C-rate) de umthamo wayo wehla ukuya kwipesenti yomthamo wayo wokuqala (ngokuqhelekileyo i-80%).
Ihambelana nokugcinwa kwamandla: Le yimetric ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya ubomi bebhetri kwiimeko zokusetyenziswa rhoqo (umzekelo, ukulungiswa kwegridi, ukuhamba ngebhayisikile yonke imihla). Ubomi bomjikelo ophezulu buthetha ibhetri eyomelele ngakumbi
Ubomi bekhalenda
Ingcaciso: Ubomi bubonke bebhetri ukususela kwixesha eyenziwe ngayo, nokuba ayisetyenziswanga, iya kuguga ngokwendalo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ichatshazelwa bubushushu, ugcino SOC, kunye nezinye izinto.
Ukufaneleka kuGcino lwaMandla: Kumandla okugcina amandla okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokungaqhelekanga, ubomi bekhalenda bunokuba yimetric ebaluleke ngakumbi kunobomi bomjikelezo.
Ukuthotywa
Ingcaciso: Inkqubo apho ukusebenza kwebhetri (umzekelo, umthamo, amandla) kuncipha ngokungenakujikwa ngexesha lokuhamba ngebhayisikile nasemva kwexesha.
Ukufaneleka kugcino lwamandla: Zonke iibhetri ziphantsi komgangatho. Ukulawula amaqondo obushushu, ukulungelelanisa ukutshaja kunye nokukhupha amaqhinga kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-BMS ephezulu kunokucothisa ukuhla.
UkuFade koMmandla / Ukuphela kwamandla
Ingcaciso: Oku kubhekiselele ngokuthe ngqo ekuncitshisweni komthamo omkhulu okhoyo kunye nokunciphisa amandla akhoyo ebhetri, ngokulandelelana kwawo.
Ukufaneleka kuGcino lwaMandla: Ezi zimbini ziindlela eziphambili zokuthotywa kwebhetri, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo amandla okugcina amandla enkqubo kunye nexesha lokuphendula.
Isigama samacandelo obugcisa kunye namacandelo enkqubo
Inkqubo yokugcina amandla ayikho nje ibhetri ngokwayo, kodwa malunga nezixhobo eziphambili ezixhasayo.
Iseli
Ingcaciso: Esona sakhiwo sisisiseko sebhetri, esigcina kwaye sikhuphe amandla ngokusabela kwe-electrochemical. Imizekelo ibandakanya iiseli ze-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) kunye neeseli ze-lithium ternary (NMC).
Okunxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: Ukusebenza kunye nokhuseleko lwenkqubo yebhetri kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubuchwepheshe beseli obusetyenziswayo.
Imodyuli
Inkcazo: Ukuhlanganiswa kweeseli ezininzi ezidityaniswe kuchungechunge kunye / okanye ngokuhambelanayo, ngokuqhelekileyo kunye nesakhiwo sokuqala somatshini kunye nokudibanisa ukudibanisa.
Efanelekileyo kugcino lwamandla: Iimodyuli ziiyunithi ezisisiseko zokwakha iipakethi zebhetri, ukuququzelela imveliso enkulu kunye nokuhlanganisa.
Ibhetri Pack
Inkcazo: Iseli epheleleyo yebhetri equkethe iimodyuli ezininzi, inkqubo yokulawula ibhetri (BMS), inkqubo yokulawula i-thermal, ukudibanisa kombane, izakhiwo zomatshini kunye nezixhobo zokukhusela.
Ukufaneleka kugcino lwamandla: Ipakethi yebhetri yinxalenye engundoqo yesixokelelwano sogcino lwamandla kwaye yiyunithi ehanjiswayo kwaye ifakwe ngokuthe ngqo.
Inkqubo yoLawulo lwebhetri (BMS)
Ingcaciso: 'Ingqondo' yenkqubo yebhetri. Inoxanduva lokubeka iliso kwi-voltage yebhetri, yangoku, iqondo lokushisa, i-SOC, i-SOH, njl., ukuyikhusela kwi-overcharging, over-dischargeing, over-temperature, njl., ukwenza i-cell balancing, kunye nokunxibelelana neenkqubo zangaphandle.
Efanelekileyo kugcino lwamandla: I-BMS ibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukhuseleko, ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkqubo yebhetri kwaye isentliziyweni yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yokugcina amandla ethembekileyo.
(Ingcebiso yoqhakamshelwano lwangaphakathi: ikhonkco kwiphepha lewebhusayithi yakho kwitekhnoloji yeBMS okanye izibonelelo zemveliso)
Inkqubo yokuguqula amandla (PCS) / Inverter
Inkcazo: Iguqula i-current ngqo (DC) ukusuka kwibhetri ukuya kwi-alternating current (AC) ukubonelela amandla kwigridi okanye imithwalo, kunye ne-vice versa (ukusuka kwi-AC ukuya kwi-DC ukuhlawula ibhetri).
Enxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: I-PCS yibhuloho phakathi kwebhetri kunye negridi / umthwalo, kunye nokusebenza kwayo kunye neqhinga lokulawula ngokuthe ngqo kuchaphazela ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo.
Ibhalansi yeSityalo (BOP)
Inkcazo: Ibhekisela kuzo zonke izixhobo ezixhasayo kunye neenkqubo ngaphandle kwebhetri yepakethe kunye ne-PCS, kubandakanywa iinkqubo zokulawula ukushisa (ukupholisa / ukufudumeza), iinkqubo zokukhusela umlilo, iinkqubo zokukhusela, iinkqubo zokulawula, izitya okanye iikhabhinethi, iiyunithi zokuhambisa amandla, njl.
Enxulumene nokuGcinwa kwamandla: I-BOP iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yebhetri isebenza kwindawo ekhuselekileyo kunye nezinzile kwaye iyingxenye eyimfuneko yokwakha inkqubo epheleleyo yokugcina amandla.
INkqubo yokuGcina amandla (ESS) / Inkqubo yokuGcina amandla ebhetri (BESS)
Ingcaciso: Ibhekisa kwisistim epheleleyo edibanisa zonke iinxalenye eziyimfuneko ezifana neepakethi zebhetri, i-PCS, i-BMS kunye ne-BOP, njl.
Enxulumene nokuGcinwa kwamandla: Oku kukunikezelwa kokugqibela kunye nokuthunyelwa kwesisombululo sokugcina amandla.
ImiGaqo yemeko yokuSebenza kunye nokuSebenza
La magama achaza umsebenzi wenkqubo yokugcina amandla kwisicelo esisebenzayo.
Ukutshaja/Ukukhupha
Ingcaciso: Ukutshaja kukugcina amandla ombane kwibhetri; Ukukhupha kukukhululwa kwamandla ombane kwibhetri.
Okunxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: umsebenzi osisiseko wenkqubo yokugcina amandla.
UkuFaneka kohambo olujikelezayo (RTE)
Ingcaciso: Umlinganiselo ophambili wokusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yokugcina amandla. Lumlinganiselo (odla ngokuchazwa njengepesenti) yetotali yamandla erhoxisiweyo kwibhetri ukuya kwigalelo lamandla ewonke kwisixokelelwano sokugcina loo mandla. Ukulahleka kokusebenza kwenzeka ngokukodwa ngexesha lokuhlawula / ukukhupha inkqubo kunye nexesha lokuguqulwa kwe-PCS.
Enxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: I-RTE ephezulu ithetha ukulahlekelwa kwamandla amancinci, ukuphucula uqoqosho lwenkqubo.
Ukutsheva okuPhakamileyo / ukuNqananiswa komthwalo
Ingcaciso:
I-Peak Shaving: Ukusetyenziswa kweenkqubo zokugcina amandla ukukhupha amandla ngexesha leeyure zomthwalo ophezulu kwigridi, ukunciphisa umthamo wamandla athengwa kwigridi kwaye ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswe imithwalo ephezulu kunye neendleko zombane.
Umgangatho womthwalo: Ukusetyenziswa kombane wexabiso eliphantsi ukuhlawulisa iinkqubo zogcino ngamaxesha omthwalo ophantsi (xa amaxabiso ombane ephantsi) kunye nokuwukhupha ngamaxesha aphakamileyo.
Okunxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: Esi sesinye sezona zicelo zixhaphakileyo zeenkqubo zokugcina amandla kwicala lezorhwebo, kwimizi-mveliso nakwigridi, eyilelwe ukunciphisa iindleko zombane okanye ukugudisa iiprofayili zomthwalo.
Ummiselo wokuphindaphinda
Ingcaciso: Iigridi kufuneka zigcine i-frequency yokusebenza ezinzileyo (umz. 50Hz eChina). Ukuphindaphinda kwehla xa unikezelo lungaphantsi kokusetyenziswa kombane kwaye luyenyuka xa unikezelo lungaphezu kokusetyenziswa kombane. Iinkqubo zokugcina amandla zinokunceda ukuzinzisa i-frequency yegridi ngokufunxa okanye ukutofa amandla ngokutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhupha.
Okunxulumene nokugcinwa kwamandla: Ugcino lwebhetri lufaneleke kakuhle ukubonelela ngolawulo lwefrikhwensi yegridi ngenxa yexesha layo lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza.
Arbitrage
Ingcaciso: Umsebenzi othatha inzuzo yeeyantlukwano kumaxabiso ombane ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo emini. Ukuhlawulisa ngamaxesha xa ixabiso lombane liphantsi kwaye ukhululwe ngamaxesha xa ixabiso lombane liphezulu, ngaloo ndlela ufumana umahluko kwixabiso.
Enxulumene noGcino lwaMandla: Lo ngumzekelo wenzuzo kwiinkqubo zokugcina amandla kwiimarike zombane.
Ukuqukumbela
Ukuqonda isigama esingundoqo sobugcisa beebhetri zokugcina amandla yindlela yokungena kwintsimi. Ukususela kwiiyunithi ezisisiseko zombane ukuya kwiinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokudibanisa kunye neemodeli zesicelo, ixesha ngalinye limele inkalo ebalulekileyo yogcino lwamandla okugcina amandla.
Ngethemba, kunye neenkcazo kweli nqaku, uya kufumana ukuqonda okucacileyo kweebhetri zokugcina amandla ukuze ukwazi ukuvavanya kakuhle kwaye ukhethe isisombululo esifanelekileyo sokugcina amandla kwiimfuno zakho.
Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
Yintoni umahluko phakathi koxinano lwamandla kunye nokuxinana kwamandla?
Impendulo: Ubuninzi bamandla bulinganisa inani elipheleleyo lamandla anokugcinwa ngeyunithi yomthamo okanye ubunzima (ugxininise kwixesha lokukhutshwa kwexesha); Uxinaniso lwamandla lulinganisa ubuninzi bamandla anokuthi ahanjiswe ngeyunithi nganye yomthamo okanye ubunzima (ugxininise kwizinga lokukhutshwa). Ngamafutshane, ubuninzi bamandla bumisela ukuba liza kuhlala ixesha elingakanani, kwaye ukuxinana kwamandla kuqinisekisa ukuba 'inokugqabhuka' kangakanani na.
Kutheni ubomi bomjikelezo kunye nobomi bekhalenda bubalulekile?
Impendulo: Ubomi bomjikelezo bulinganisa ubomi bebhetri phantsi kokusetyenziswa rhoqo, okufanelekileyo kwiimeko zokusebenza eziphezulu, ngelixa ubomi bekhalenda bulinganisa ubomi bebhetri eguga ngokwendalo ngexesha, elilungele ukulinda okanye iimeko zokusetyenziswa ngokungaqhelekanga. Ngokudibeneyo, bamisela ubomi bebhetri bubonke.
Yeyiphi imisebenzi ephambili ye-BMS?
Impendulo: Imisebenzi ephambili ye-BMS ibandakanya ukubeka iliso isimo sebhetri (i-voltage, yangoku, iqondo lokushisa, i-SOC, i-SOH), ukukhuselwa kokhuseleko (i-overcharge, i-overdischarge, i-over-temperature, i-short-circuit, njl.), ukulinganisa kweeseli, kunye nokunxibelelana neenkqubo zangaphandle. Ingundoqo wokuqinisekisa ukusebenza okukhuselekileyo nokusebenzayo kwenkqubo yebhetri.
Yintoni i-C-reyithi? Wenza ntoni?
Impendulo:C-inqanabaimele ukuphindaphinda kwentlawulo kunye nokukhupha ngoku ngokunxulumene nomthamo webhetri. Isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umlinganiselo wokutshajiswa kwebhetri kwaye ikhutshwe kwaye ichaphazela umthamo wokwenene, ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuveliswa kobushushu kunye nobomi bebhetri.
Ngaba ukuchetywa kwepeak kunye ne-tariff arbitrage yinto enye?
Impendulo: Zizo zombini iindlela zokusebenza ezisebenzisa iinkqubo zokugcina amandla ukuhlawula kunye nokukhupha ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo. Ukutsheva okuphezulu kugxininise ngakumbi ekwehliseni umthwalo kunye neendleko zombane kubathengi ngamaxesha athile afunwa kakhulu, okanye ukugudisa igophe lomthwalo wegridi, ngelixa i-arbitrage yoluhlu lwerhafu luthe ngqo ngakumbi kwaye lusebenzisa umahluko kwimirhumo phakathi kwamaxesha ahlukeneyo okuthenga nokuthengisa umbane ngenzuzo. Injongo kunye nogxininiso lwahluke kancinane.
Ixesha lokuposa: May-20-2025