Simba rekuchengetedza bhatiri masisitimu (ESS)vari kutamba basa rinowedzera kukosha sezvo kudiwa kwepasi rose kwesimba rinogara uye kugadzikana kwegridhi kuri kukura. Zvingave zvichishandiswa kugedhi-chiyero chekuchengetedza simba, zvekutengesa uye zvemaindasitiri, kana pekugara solar package, kunzwisisa yakakosha tekinoroji yemabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba kwakakosha pakutaura zvinobudirira, kuongorora mashandiro, uye kuita sarudzo dzine ruzivo.
Nekudaro, iyo jargon munharaunda yekuchengetedza simba yakakura uye dzimwe nguva inotyisa. Chinangwa chechinyorwa chino ndechekukupa gwara rakazara uye riri nyore kunzwisisa rinotsanangura musimboti wemazwi ehunyanzvi mumunda wemabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba kukubatsira kuti unzwisise zviri nani tekinoroji iyi yakakosha.
Basic Concepts uye Magetsi Units
Kunzwisisa mabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba kunotanga nemamwe mazano emagetsi ekutanga uye zvikamu.
Voltage (V)
Tsanangudzo: Voltage ihuwandu hwemuviri hunoyera kugona kwesimba remagetsi kuita basa. Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, ndiwo 'musiyano ungangoita' unofambisa kufamba kwemagetsi. Voltage yebhatiri inosarudza 'kusundira' kwainokwanisa kupa.
Ine chekuita nekuchengetedza simba: Iyo yakazara voltage yebhatiri system inowanzova huwandu hwemagetsi emaseru akawanda munhevedzano. Zvikumbiro zvakasiyana (semuenzaniso,low-voltage home systems or high-voltage C&I masisitimu) inoda mabhatiri emhando dzakasiyana dzemagetsi.
Zvazvino (A)
Tsanangudzo: Parizvino chiyero chekufamba kwakananga kwechaji yemagetsi, 'kuyerera' kwemagetsi. Iyo unit ndiyo ampere (A).
Kukoshera kune Energy Storage: Maitiro ekuchaja uye kuburitsa bhatiri ndiko kuyerera kwezvino. Kuwanda kwekuyerera kwemazuva ano kunotarisa huwandu hwesimba rinogona kubudiswa nebhatiri panguva yakatarwa.
Simba (Simba, W kana kW/MW)
Tsanangudzo: Simba chiyero chinoshandurwa kana kutamiswa simba. Iyo yakaenzana nemagetsi akapetwa neazvino (P = V × I). Iyo unit ndiyo watt (W), inowanzoshandiswa mumasisitimu ekuchengetedza simba sekilowatts (kW) kana megawatts (MW).
Zvinoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Kugona kwesimba kwebhatiri system inotaridza kuti inokurumidza sei kupa kana kutora simba remagetsi. Semuenzaniso, zvikumbiro zve frequency regulation zvinoda simba repamusoro.
Simba (Energy, Wh kana kWh/MWh)
Tsanangudzo: Simba ndiko kugona kwehurongwa hwekuita basa. Icho chigadzirwa chesimba uye nguva (E = P × t). Iyo unit ndeye watt-awa (Wh), uye kilowatt-maawa (kWh) kana megawatt-maawa (MWh) inowanzoshandiswa mumagetsi ekuchengetedza masisitimu.
Zvinechekuita nekuchengetedza simba: Simba remagetsi chiyero chehuwandu hwesimba remagetsi rinogona kuchengetwa nebhatiri. Izvi zvinotarisa kuti nguva yakareba sei iyo system inogona kuramba ichipa simba.
Mashandiro Akakosha eBhatiri uye Matemu eKugadzira
Aya mazwi anoratidza zvakananga maitiro ekuita kwemabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba.
Kugona (Ah)
Tsanangudzo: Capacity ndiyo huwandu hwechaji inogona kuburitswa nebhatiri mune mamwe mamiriro, uye inoyerwa mukatimaawa akawanda (Ah). Kazhinji inoreva huwandu hwakayerwa hwebhatiri.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Kugona kunoenderana zvakanyanya neiyo simba rebhatiri uye ndiyo hwaro hwekuverenga simba resimba (Energy Capacity ≈ Capacity × Average Voltage).
Simba reKukwanisa (kWh)
Tsanangudzo: Huwandu hwesimba hunogona kuchengetwa uye kuburitswa nebhatiri, kazhinji hunoratidzwa mumakilowatt-maawa (kWh) kana megawatt-maawa (MWh). Icho chiyero chakakosha chehukuru hwesimba rekuchengetedza system.
Inoenderana neKuchengetedzwa Kwemagetsi: Inotaridza kureba kwenguva iyo sisitimu inogona kugonesa mutoro, kana kuti ingani simba rinodzokororwa rinogona kuchengetwa.
Simba reSimba (kW kana MW)
Tsanangudzo: Simba repamusoro rinobuda iro bhatiri system inogona kupa kana iyo yakanyanya simba yekuisa iyo inogona kutora chero nguva ipi zvayo, inoratidzwa mu kilowatts (kW) kana megawatts (MW).
Zvinechekuita nekuchengetedza simba: Inotara kuti isimba rakadii retsigiro system inogona kupa kwenguva pfupi yenguva, semuenzaniso kutsungirira mitoro yakakwira nekukurumidza kana kushanduka kwegridi.
Simba Density (Wh/kg kana Wh/L)
Tsanangudzo: Inoyera huwandu hwesimba rinogona kuchengetwa nebhatiri pachiyero cheuniti (Wh/kg) kana pavhoriyamu yeyuniti (Wh/L).
Zvinoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Yakakosha kumaapplication ane nzvimbo kana huremu hushoma, senge mota dzemagetsi kana compact simba rekuchengetedza masisitimu. Higher energy density inoreva kuti simba rakawanda rinogona kuchengetwa muvhoriyamu imwechete kana huremu.
Simba Density (W/kg kana W/L)
Tsanangudzo: Inoyera simba guru iro bhatiri rinogona kuunza pachiyero cheuniti (W/kg) kana pavhoriyamu yeyuniti (W/L).
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Yakakosha kune maapplication anoda kukurumidza kuchaja uye kuburitsa, senge frequency regulation kana simba rekutanga.
C-chiyero
Tsanangudzo: C-reti inomiririra mwero wekuti bhatiri rinochaja uye rinobuda seyakawanda yehuwandu hwayo. 1C inoreva kuti bhatiri richazara kana kubudiswa muawa imwe; 0.5C zvinoreva mumaawa maviri; 2C zvinoreva mumaawa 0.5.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: C-chiyero ndiyo kiyi metric yekuongorora kugona kwebhatiri kuchaja nekukasira kubuda. Zvishandiso zvakasiyana zvinoda mashandiro akasiyana eC-rate. Yakakwira C-chiyero inoburitsa kazhinji inokonzeresa kuderera kushoma kwehuwandu uye kuwedzera kwekugadzira kupisa.
State of Charge (SOC)
Tsanangudzo: Inoratidza chikamu (%) chehuwandu hwebhatiri hwasara.
Zvinechekuita nekuchengetedza magetsi: Zvakafanana negeji yemafuta emotokari, inoratidza kuti bhatiri richagara kwenguva yakareba sei kana kuti rinoda kuchajwa kwenguva yakareba sei.
Kudzika Kwekuburitsa (DOD)
Tsanangudzo: Inoratidza chikamu (%) chehuwandu hwehuwandu hwebhatiri inoburitswa panguva yekubuda. Semuenzaniso, kana uchibva pa100% SOC kuenda ku20% SOC, DOD i80%.
Kukoshera kune Kuchengetedzwa Kwesimba: DOD ine simba rakakosha pahupenyu hwekutenderera kwebhatiri, uye kudzika kuburitsa uye kuchaja (yakaderera DOD) kunowanzo kubatsira kuwedzera hupenyu hwebhatiri.
Mamiriro ehutano (SOH)
Tsanangudzo: Inoratidza huwandu hwekuita kwebhatiri razvino (semuenzaniso kugona, kuramba kwemukati) zvinoenderana neiyo yebhatiri nyowani, kuratidza dhigirii rekuchembera uye kuderera kwebhatiri. Kazhinji, SOH yepasi pe80% inofungidzirwa kuti iri pamagumo ehupenyu.
Kukoshera kune Energy Storage: SOH chiratidzo chakakosha chekuongorora hupenyu hwasara uye kuita kwebhatiri system.
Hupenyu hweBhatiri uye Kuora Terminology
Kunzwisisa miganhu yehupenyu hwemabhatiri chinhu chakakosha kuongororwa kwehupfumi uye dhizaini yehurongwa.
Cycle Life
Tsanangudzo: Huwandu hwekuchajisa/kuburitsa madhizaini ayo bhatiri rinokwanisa kumira pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo (semuenzaniso, DOD chaiyo, tembiricha, C-rate) kusvika huwandu hwayo hwadonha kusvika pachikamu chesimba rayo rekutanga (kazhinji 80%).
Inoenderana nekuchengetwa kwesimba: Iyi ndiyo metric yakakosha yekuongorora hupenyu hwebhatiri mumamiriro ekushandisa nguva nenguva (semuenzaniso, grid-tuning, bhasikoro zuva nezuva). Upenyu hwepamusoro-soro hunoreva bhatiri rakasimba
Karenda Hupenyu
Tsanangudzo: Hupenyu hwese hwebhatiri kubva panguva yainogadzirwa, kunyangwe ikasashandiswa, inochembera zvega nekufamba kwenguva. Inokonzerwa nekushisa, kuchengetedza SOC, nezvimwe zvinhu.
Kukoshera kune Kuchengetedzwa Kwesimba: Kune simba rekuchengetedza kana kusawanzoshandisa maapplication, hupenyu hwekarenda hunogona kunge hwakanyanya kukosha metric pane kutenderera hupenyu.
Kudzikisira
Tsanangudzo: Maitiro ekuita kwebhatiri (semuenzaniso, kugona, simba) inodzikira zvisingadzoreki panguva yekuchovha bhasikoro uye nekufamba kwenguva.
Zvinoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Mabhatiri ese ari kuparara. Kudzora tembiricha, optimize kuchaja uye kuburitsa nzira uye kushandisa yepamusoro BMS kunogona kudzikira kuderera.
Capacity Fade / Power Fade
Tsanangudzo: Izvi zvinoreva zvakananga kuderedzwa kwehukuru huripo uye kuderedzwa kwesimba rinowanikwa rebhatiri, zvichienderana.
Kukoshera kune Kuchengetedzwa Kwesimba: Aya maviri ndiwo makuru mafomu ekushatisa bhatiri, anokanganisa zvakananga simba rekuchengetedza simba uye nguva yekupindura.
Terminology yezvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi uye zvikamu zvehurongwa
Iyo simba rekuchengetedza sisitimu haingori nezve bhatiri pachayo, asiwo nezve zvakakosha zvinotsigira zvikamu.
Sero
Tsanangudzo: Chivakwa chekutanga chebhatiri, chinochengeta nekuburitsa simba kuburikidza nemagetsi emagetsi. Mienzaniso inosanganisira lithium iron phosphate (LFP) masero uye lithium ternary (NMC) masero.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Kuita uye kuchengetedzeka kwebhatiri system kunoenderana zvakanyanya nesero tekinoroji inoshandiswa.
Module
Tsanangudzo: Musanganiswa wemaseru akati wandei akabatana munhevedzano uye/kana mune parallel, kazhinji ane yekutanga mechanical chimiro uye yekubatanidza interfaces.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Modules ndiwo akakosha mayuniti ekuvaka mabhatiri mapaketi, kufambisa kugadzirwa kwakakura uye kusangana.
Battery Pack
Tsanangudzo: Isero rebhatiri rakazara rinosanganisira akawanda mamodule, bhatiri manejimendi system (BMS), inodziya manejimendi system, magetsi ekubatanidza, mechanical zvimiro uye kuchengetedza zvishandiso.
Zvinoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Iyo bhatiri paki ndiyo yakakosha chikamu chesimba rekuchengetedza sisitimu uye ndiyo unit inounzwa nekuiswa zvakananga.
Battery Management System (BMS)
Tsanangudzo: Iyo 'brain' yebhatiri system. Iyo ine basa rekutarisa voltage yebhatiri, yazvino, tembiricha, SOC, SOH, nezvimwewo, kuidzivirira kubva pakuchaja, kuburitsa zvakanyanya, kupisa-tembiricha, nezvimwe, kuita maseru kuenzanisa, uye kutaurirana nekunze masisitimu.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Iyo BMS yakakosha kuve nechokwadi chekuchengetedza, kuita optimization uye kuwedzera kwehupenyu hwebhatiri system uye iri pamwoyo wechero yakavimbika simba rekuchengetedza system.
(Mazano ekubatanidza emukati: chinongedzo kune peji rewebhusaiti yako paBMS tekinoroji kana mabhenefiti echigadzirwa)
Simba rekushandura System (PCS) / Inverter
Tsanangudzo: Inoshandura yakananga ikozvino (DC) kubva mubhatiri kuenda kune inochinjika ikozvino (AC) kuti ipe simba kune grid kana mitoro, uye neimwe nzira (kubva AC kuenda kuDC kuchaja bhatiri).
Inoenderana neKuchengetedzwa Kwesimba: Iyo PCS ibhiriji pakati pebhatiri negridi / mutoro, uye kugona kwayo uye kutonga zano kunobata zvakananga kuita kwese kwehurongwa.
Balance of Plant (BOP)
Tsanangudzo: Inoreva zvese zvinotsigira midziyo uye masisitimu kunze kwebhatiri pack nePCS, kusanganisira thermal management system (kutonhora / kupisa), masisitimu ekudzivirira moto, masisitimu ekuchengetedza, masisitimu ekudzora, midziyo kana makabati, magetsi ekugovera zvikamu, nezvimwe.
Inoenderana neKuchengetedzwa Kwemagetsi: BOP inova nechokwadi chekuti bhatiri system inoshanda munzvimbo yakachengeteka uye yakagadzikana uye chikamu chinodiwa chekuvaka yakakwana simba rekuchengetedza sisitimu.
Energy Storage System (ESS) / Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
Tsanangudzo: Inoreva hurongwa hwakakwana hunobatanidza zvinhu zvose zvinodiwa zvakadai sebhatiri packs, PCS, BMS uye BOP, etc. BESS inonyatsoreva hurongwa hunoshandisa mabhatiri semagetsi ekuchengetedza simba.
Inoenderana neKuchengetedzwa Kwesimba: Uku ndiko kuendesa kwekupedzisira uye kutumira kwesimba rekuchengetedza mhinduro.
Matemu eKushanda uye Mashandisirwo emamiriro ezvinhu
Aya mazwi anotsanangura kushanda kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba mune inoshanda application.
Kuchaja/Kubvisa
Tsanangudzo: Kuchaja ndiko kuchengetwa kwesimba remagetsi mubhatiri; kuburitsa ndiko kuburitswa kwesimba remagetsi kubva mubhatiri.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: iyo yekutanga kushanda kwesimba rekuchengetedza sisitimu.
Round-Trip Efficiency (RTE)
Tsanangudzo: Chiyero chakakosha chekushanda kwesimba rekuchengetedza simba. Ireshiyo (inowanzo kuratidzwa sechikamu) yesimba rose rinobviswa kubva mubhatiri kusvika kuhuwandu hwesimba rekuisa kune system kuchengetedza iro simba. Kubudirira kurasikirwa kunoitika zvakanyanya panguva yekuchaja / kuburitsa maitiro uye panguva yekutendeuka kwePCS.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Yakakwira RTE inoreva kushoma kurasikirwa kwesimba, kuvandudza hupfumi hwehurongwa.
Peak Kuveura / Kuremerwa Kwemutoro
Tsanangudzo:
Peak Kuveura: Kushandiswa kwesimba rekuchengetedza masisitimu kuburitsa simba panguva yekuremerwa maawa pagridi, kuderedza huwandu hwesimba rakatengwa kubva kune grid nekudaro kuderedza mitoro yepamusoro uye mutengo wemagetsi.
Load Leveling: Kushandiswa kwemagetsi akachipa kubhadharisa masisitimu ekuchengetedza panguva yakaderera yekuremerwa (kana mitengo yemagetsi yakadzikira) uye kuaburitsa panguva dzepamusoro.
Ine chekuita nekuchengetedza simba: Iyi ndeimwe yeanonyanya kushandiswa emagetsi ekuchengetedza masisitimu pane yekutengeserana, maindasitiri uye grid side, yakagadzirirwa kudzikisa mutengo wemagetsi kana kutsetseka maprofiles.
Frequency Regulation
Tsanangudzo: MaGridhi anoda kuchengetedza yakagadzikana yekushanda frequency (semuenzaniso 50Hz kuChina). Frequency inodonha kana kupihwa kuri kushoma pane kushandiswa kwemagetsi uye kusimuka kana kupihwa kunopfuura kushandiswa kwemagetsi. Masisitimu ekuchengetedza magetsi anogona kubatsira kudzikamisa grid frequency nekutora kana kupinza simba kuburikidza nekukasira kuchaja uye kuburitsa.
Inoenderana nekuchengetedza simba: Battery chengetedzo yakanyatsokodzera kupa grid frequency regulation nekuda kwekukurumidza kwayo yekupindura nguva.
Arbitrage
Tsanangudzo: Kuvhiya kunotora mukana wekusiyana kwemitengo yemagetsi panguva dzakasiyana dzezuva. Kubhadhara pane dzimwe nguva apo mutengo wemagetsi wakaderera uye unobudiswa pane dzimwe nguva apo mutengo wemagetsi wakakwirira, nokudaro uchiwana mutsauko mumutengo.
Inoenderana neKuchengetedzwa Kwemagetsi: Iyi ipurofiti modhi yesimba rekuchengetedza masisitimu mumusika wemagetsi.
Mhedziso
Kunzwisisa iyo yakakosha tekinoroji tekinoroji yemabhatiri ekuchengetedza simba igedhi rekupinda mumunda. Kubva pamayuniti emagetsi ekutanga kusvika kune yakaoma system yekubatanidza uye mamodheru ekushandisa, temu yega yega inomiririra chinhu chakakosha chekuchengetedza simba tekinoroji.
Tine tarisiro, netsananguro dziri muchinyorwa chino, iwe uchawana kunzwisisa kwakajeka kwesimba rekuchengetedza mabhatiri kuitira kuti iwe ugone kuongorora zvirinani uye kusarudza iyo yakakodzera yekuchengetedza simba mhinduro kune zvaunoda.
Mibvunzo Inowanzo bvunzwa (FAQ)
Ndeupi musiyano uripo pakati pesimba remagetsi nekuwanda kwesimba?
Mhinduro: Simba remagetsi rinoyera huwandu hwehuwandu hwesimba hunogona kuchengetwa pachikamu chehuwandu kana huremu (ichitarisa nguva yenguva yekubuda); simba density inoyera huwandu hwehuwandu hwesimba hunogona kuendeswa pane imwe unit yevhoriyamu kana huremu (ichitarisa pachiyero chekubuda). Zvichitaurwa zviri nyore, kuwanda kwesimba kunoratidza kuti ichagara kwenguva yakareba sei, uye kuwanda kwemagetsi kunotaridza kuti 'kuputika' kungave kwakadii.
Sei hupenyu hwekutenderera uye hupenyu hwekarenda hwakakosha?
Mhinduro: Hupenyu hwekutenderera hunoyera hupenyu hwebhatiri pasi pekushandiswa nguva dzose, iyo inokodzera zviitiko zvekushanda zvakanyanya, nepo hupenyu hwekarenda hunoyera hupenyu hwebhatiri iro rinogara richikura nekufamba kwenguva, iro rakakodzera kumirira kana kusawanzoshandisa zviitiko. Pamwe chete, vanosarudza hupenyu hwebhatiri hwese.
Ndeapi mabasa makuru eBMS?
Mhinduro: Mabasa makuru eBMS anosanganisira kutarisa mamiriro ebhatiri (voltage, ikozvino, tembiricha, SOC, SOH), kuchengetedzwa kwekuchengetedza (kuwedzeredza, kuwedzeredza, kupisa-tembiricha, pfupi-circuit, nezvimwewo), kuenzanisa kwesero, uye kutaurirana nekunze masisitimu. Ndiwo musimboti wekuvimbisa kushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakanaka kwebhatiri system.
Chii chinonzi C-rate? Chii chinoita?
Mhinduro:C-chiyeroinomiririra kuwanda kwechaji uye kuburitsa ikozvino maererano nehuwandu hwebhatiri. Inoshandiswa kuyera chiyero icho bhatiri inochajiswa uye kuburitswa uye inokanganisa iyo chaiyo kugona, kugona, kupisa chizvarwa uye hupenyu hwebhatiri.
Ko peak shaving uye tariff arbitrage chinhu chimwe chete here?
Mhinduro: Iwo ese ari maviri modes ekushanda anoshandisa ekuchengetedza simba masisitimu kubhadharisa uye kuburitsa panguva dzakasiyana. Peak shaving inonyanya kutarisana nekudzikisira mutoro uye mutengo wemagetsi kune vatengi panguva yakatarwa-yakanyanya kudiwa, kana kukwenenzvera curve yegedhi, nepo tariff arbitrage yakanangana uye inoshandisa mutsauko wemitengo pakati penguva dzakasiyana dzekutenga nekutengesa magetsi kuti uwane purofiti. Chinangwa uye kutarisa zvakasiyana zvishoma.
Nguva yekutumira: May-20-2025