Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu (ESS)zirimo kugira uruhare runini mugihe isi ikeneye ingufu zirambye hamwe na gride itajegajega. Byaba bikoreshwa mukubika ingufu za gride nini, gukoresha ubucuruzi ninganda, cyangwa izuba ryizuba, gusobanukirwa nijambo ryibanze rya tekiniki ya bateri zibika ingufu ningirakamaro mugutumanaho neza, gusuzuma imikorere, no gufata ibyemezo byuzuye.
Nyamara, jargon mumwanya wo kubika ingufu ni nini kandi rimwe na rimwe iteye ubwoba. Intego yiki kiganiro ni ukuguha ubuyobozi bwuzuye kandi bworoshye-bwumvikane busobanura amagambo yibanze ya tekinike mubijyanye na bateri zibika ingufu kugirango bigufashe gusobanukirwa neza nubuhanga bukomeye.
Ibanze shingiro hamwe nu mashanyarazi
Gusobanukirwa na bateri zibika ingufu zitangirana nibice bimwe byingenzi byamashanyarazi hamwe nibice.
Umuvuduko (V)
Ibisobanuro: Umuvuduko numubare wumubiri upima ubushobozi bwingufu zamashanyarazi zo gukora akazi. Muri make, ni 'itandukaniro rishobora' gutwara umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi. Umuvuduko wa bateri ugena 'umutego' ushobora gutanga.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Umuvuduko wuzuye wa sisitemu ya bateri mubisanzwe ni igiteranyo cya voltage ya selile nyinshi murukurikirane. Porogaramu zitandukanye (urugero,sisitemu yo murugo ntoya or sisitemu yo hejuru ya C&I sisitemu) bisaba bateri zingana na voltage zitandukanye.
Ibiriho (A)
Ibisobanuro: Ibiriho ni igipimo cyerekezo cyerekezo cyumuriro wamashanyarazi, 'umuvuduko' wamashanyarazi. Igice ni ampere (A).
Ibyerekeye Kubika Ingufu: Inzira yo kwishyuza no gusohora bateri ni urujya n'uruza. Ingano yimigezi igena ingano yingufu bateri ishobora gutanga mugihe runaka.
Imbaraga (Imbaraga, W cyangwa kW / MW)
Ibisobanuro: Imbaraga nigipimo imbaraga zihindurwamo cyangwa zoherezwa. Iringana na voltage igwijwe nubu (P = V × I). Igice ni watt (W), ikoreshwa muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu nka kilowatts (kW) cyangwa megawatt (MW).
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ubushobozi bwimbaraga za sisitemu ya batiri bugena uburyo bwihuta bwo gutanga cyangwa gukuramo ingufu zamashanyarazi. Kurugero, porogaramu zo kugenzura inshuro zisaba imbaraga nyinshi.
Ingufu (Ingufu, Wh cyangwa kWh / MWh)
Ibisobanuro: Ingufu nubushobozi bwa sisitemu yo gukora akazi. Nibicuruzwa byimbaraga nigihe (E = P × t). Igice ni isaha ya watt (Wh), na kilowatt-amasaha (kWt) cyangwa megawatt-amasaha (MWh) ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kubika ingufu.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ubushobozi bwingufu ni igipimo cyingufu zose zamashanyarazi bateri ishobora kubika. Ibi bigena igihe sisitemu ishobora gukomeza gutanga amashanyarazi.
Imikorere ya Bateri Yingenzi hamwe namagambo aranga
Aya magambo yerekana neza imikorere yimikorere ya bateri zibika ingufu.
Ubushobozi (Ah)
Ibisobanuro: Ubushobozi nigiteranyo cyamafaranga yishyurwa bateri ishobora kurekura mubihe runaka, kandi bipimirwa muriampere-amasaha (Ah). Mubisanzwe bivuga ubushobozi bwagenwe bwa bateri.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ubushobozi bufitanye isano rya bugufi nubushobozi bwingufu za bateri kandi niyo shingiro ryo kubara ubushobozi bwingufu (Ubushobozi bwingufu ≈ Ubushobozi × Impuzandengo ya voltage).
Ubushobozi bw'ingufu (kWt)
Ibisobanuro: Ingano yingufu zose bateri ishobora kubika no kurekura, mubisanzwe bigaragarira mumasaha ya kilowatt (kWh) cyangwa megawatt-amasaha (MWh). Nigipimo cyingenzi cyubunini bwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.
Bifitanye isano no Kubika Ingufu: Kugena uburebure bwigihe sisitemu ishobora guha imbaraga umutwaro, cyangwa ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa zishobora kubikwa.
Ubushobozi bw'imbaraga (kW cyangwa MW)
Ibisobanuro: Amashanyarazi ntarengwa sisitemu ya bateri ishobora gutanga cyangwa ingufu nyinshi zishobora kwinjiza mumwanya uwariwo wose, bigaragarira muri kilowatts (kW) cyangwa megawatt (MW).
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Kugena umubare wingufu zingirakamaro sisitemu ishobora gutanga mugihe gito, urugero kugirango uhangane numutwaro muremure ako kanya cyangwa ihindagurika rya gride.
Ubucucike bw'ingufu (Wh / kg cyangwa Wh / L)
Ibisobanuro: Gupima ingufu ingufu bateri ishobora kubika kuri misa imwe (Wh / kg) cyangwa kuri buri gice (Wh / L).
Ibyerekeranye no kubika ingufu: Ningirakamaro kubisabwa aho umwanya cyangwa uburemere bigarukira, nkibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi cyangwa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Ubucucike buri hejuru bivuze ko imbaraga nyinshi zishobora kubikwa mubunini cyangwa uburemere bumwe.
Ubucucike bw'imbaraga (W / kg cyangwa W / L)
Ibisobanuro: Gupima imbaraga ntarengwa bateri ishobora gutanga kuri misa imwe (W / kg) cyangwa kuri buri gice (W / L).
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ningirakamaro kubisabwa bisaba kwishyurwa byihuse no gusohora, nko kugenzura inshuro nyinshi cyangwa gutangira imbaraga.
C-igipimo
Ibisobanuro: C-igipimo cyerekana igipimo bateri yishyuza kandi isohora nkubushobozi bwayo bwose. 1C bivuze ko bateri izishyurwa byuzuye cyangwa isohotse mumasaha 1; 0.5C bivuze mu masaha 2; 2C bivuze mumasaha 0.5.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: C-igipimo ni igipimo cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubushobozi bwa bateri yo kwishyuza no gusohora vuba. Porogaramu zitandukanye zisaba imikorere ya C-itandukanye. Ibisohoka C-byinshi mubisanzwe bituma habaho kugabanuka gake mubushobozi no kwiyongera k'ubushyuhe.
Leta ishinzwe (SOC)
Ibisobanuro: Yerekana ijanisha (%) yubushobozi bwa bateri yose isigaye kurubu.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Bisa n’ibipimo bya lisansi yimodoka, byerekana igihe bateri izamara cyangwa igihe igomba kwishyurwa.
Ubujyakuzimu bwo gusohora (DOD)
Ibisobanuro: Yerekana ijanisha (%) yubushobozi bwose bwa bateri irekurwa mugihe cyo gusohora. Kurugero, niba uva 100% SOC ukagera kuri 20% SOC, DOD ni 80%.
Ibyerekeye Kubika Ingufu: DOD igira ingaruka zikomeye mubuzima bwizunguruka bwa bateri, kandi gusohora no kwishyuza (DOD yo hasi) mubisanzwe ni ingirakamaro kumara igihe kirekire.
Ubuzima (SOH)
Ibisobanuro: Yerekana ijanisha ryimikorere ya batiri iriho (urugero: ubushobozi, kurwanya imbere) ugereranije nubwa bateri nshya, byerekana urugero rwo gusaza no kwangirika kwa bateri. Mubisanzwe, SOH iri munsi ya 80% ifatwa nkurangiza ubuzima.
Ibyerekeye Kubika Ingufu: SOH nikimenyetso cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubuzima busigaye nimikorere ya sisitemu ya bateri.
Ubuzima bwa Batteri no Kwangirika
Gusobanukirwa nubuzima bwa bateri ni urufunguzo rwo gusuzuma ubukungu no gushushanya sisitemu.
Ubuzima bwa Cycle
Ibisobanuro: Umubare wamafaranga yuzuye / asohora byuzuye bateri ishobora kwihanganira mubihe byihariye (urugero, DOD yihariye, ubushyuhe, C-igipimo) kugeza igihe ubushobozi bwayo bugabanutse kugera ku ijanisha ryubushobozi bwayo bwa mbere (mubisanzwe 80%).
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Iki nigipimo cyingenzi cyo gusuzuma ubuzima bwa bateri mugihe gikoreshwa kenshi (urugero, grid-tuning, amagare ya buri munsi). Ubuzima bwo hejuru cyane bisobanura bateri iramba
Ubuzima bwa Kalendari
Ibisobanuro: Ubuzima bwose bwa bateri kuva igihe yakorewe, niyo idakoreshwa, izasaza bisanzwe mugihe runaka. Biterwa n'ubushyuhe, kubika SOC, nibindi bintu.
Ibyerekeranye no Kubika Ingufu: Kububasha bwo gusubira inyuma cyangwa gukoresha kenshi porogaramu, ubuzima bwikirangaminsi burashobora kuba ibipimo byingenzi kuruta ubuzima bwinzira.
Gutesha agaciro
Ibisobanuro: Inzira imikorere ya bateri (urugero, ubushobozi, imbaraga) igabanuka kuburyo budasubirwaho mugihe cyamagare kandi mugihe.
Ibyerekeranye no kubika ingufu: Batteri zose zangirika. Kugenzura ubushyuhe, guhitamo uburyo bwo kwishyuza no gusohora ingamba no gukoresha BMS igezweho birashobora kugabanya umuvuduko.
Ubushobozi burashira / Imbaraga zishira
Ibisobanuro: Ibi bivuga cyane cyane kugabanya ubushobozi bushoboka bushoboka no kugabanya imbaraga zishoboka zose za bateri.
Ibyerekeye Kubika Ingufu: Izi ebyiri nuburyo nyamukuru bwo kwangirika kwa bateri, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ubushobozi bwo kubika ingufu hamwe nigihe cyo gusubiza.
Ijambo ryibikoresho bya tekiniki nibigize sisitemu
Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ntabwo ireba bateri ubwayo, ahubwo ireba ibyingenzi bifasha ibice.
Akagari
Ibisobanuro: Inzira yibanze yibanze ya bateri, ibika kandi ikarekura ingufu binyuze mumashanyarazi. Ingero zirimo lithium fer fosifate (LFP) selile na lithium ternary (NMC).
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Imikorere n'umutekano bya sisitemu ya batiri biterwa ahanini na tekinoroji ya selile ikoreshwa.
Module
Ibisobanuro: Guhuza ingirabuzimafatizo nyinshi zahujwe murukurikirane na / cyangwa mu buryo bubangikanye, mubisanzwe hamwe nuburyo bwambere bwubukanishi hamwe nintera ihuza.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Module nigice cyibanze cyo kubaka paki ya batiri, korohereza umusaruro munini no guterana.
Amapaki
Ibisobanuro: selile yuzuye ya batiri igizwe na module nyinshi, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS), sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza, guhuza amashanyarazi, ibikoresho bya mashini nibikoresho byumutekano.
Ibyerekeranye no kubika ingufu: Ipaki ya batiri nigice cyingenzi cya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu kandi nigice gitangwa kandi gishyirwaho muburyo butaziguye.
Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS)
Ibisobanuro: 'Ubwonko' bwa sisitemu ya bateri. Irashinzwe gukurikirana voltage ya bateri, ikigezweho, ubushyuhe, SOC, SOH, nibindi, kuyirinda kurenza urugero, gusohora cyane, ubushyuhe burenze, nibindi, gukora kuringaniza selile, no kuvugana na sisitemu yo hanze.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: BMS ningirakamaro mu kurinda umutekano, gukora neza no kuzamura ubuzima bwa sisitemu ya bateri kandi iri mu mutima wa sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zizewe.
(Igitekerezo cyo guhuza imbere: guhuza page y'urubuga rwawe ku ikoranabuhanga rya BMS cyangwa inyungu y'ibicuruzwa)
Sisitemu yo Guhindura Imbaraga (PCS) / Inverter
Ibisobanuro: Hindura amashanyarazi (DC) avuye muri bateri ahinduranya amashanyarazi (AC) kugirango atange amashanyarazi kuri gride cyangwa imizigo, naho ubundi (kuva AC kugeza DC kwishyuza bateri).
Bifitanye isano no Kubika Ingufu: PCS nikiraro kiri hagati ya bateri na gride / umutwaro, kandi imikorere yacyo no kugenzura bigira ingaruka kumikorere rusange ya sisitemu.
Impirimbanyi y'ibimera (BOP)
Ibisobanuro: Yerekeza ku bikoresho na sisitemu byose bifasha usibye ipaki ya batiri na PCS, harimo sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza (gukonjesha / gushyushya), sisitemu yo gukingira umuriro, sisitemu z'umutekano, sisitemu yo kugenzura, kontineri cyangwa akabati, ibice byo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, n'ibindi.
Bifitanye isano no Kubika Ingufu: BOP yemeza ko sisitemu ya batiri ikorera ahantu hizewe kandi hatuje kandi ni igice cya ngombwa cyo kubaka sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zuzuye.
Sisitemu yo Kubika Ingufu (ESS) / Sisitemu yo Kubika Ingufu (BESS)
Ibisobanuro: Yerekeza kuri sisitemu yuzuye ihuza ibice byose nkenerwa nka paki ya batiri, PCS, BMS na BOP, nibindi BESS bivuga cyane cyane sisitemu ikoresha bateri nkuburyo bwo kubika ingufu.
Bifitanye isano no Kubika Ingufu: Ubu ni bwo buryo bwa nyuma bwo gutanga no kohereza igisubizo kibika ingufu.
Imikorere nuburyo bukoreshwa
Aya magambo asobanura imikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu mubikorwa bifatika.
Kwishyuza / Gusohora
Ibisobanuro: Kwishyuza ni ukubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri bateri; gusohora ni ukurekura ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri bateri.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: imikorere yibanze ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu.
Urugendo-Ruzinduko (RTE)
Ibisobanuro: Igipimo cyingenzi cyimikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Nibipimo (mubisanzwe bigaragazwa nkijanisha) byingufu zose zavanywe muri bateri kugeza ingufu zose zinjira muri sisitemu yo kubika izo mbaraga. Igihombo gikora cyane cyane mugihe cyo kwishyuza / gusohora no mugihe cyo guhindura PCS.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: RTE isobanura gutakaza ingufu nke, kuzamura ubukungu bwa sisitemu.
Kogosha impinga / Kuringaniza umutwaro
Ibisobanuro:
Kogosha impinga: Gukoresha sisitemu yo kubika ingufu kugirango isohore ingufu mugihe cyamasaha yumutwaro kuri gride, kugabanya ingufu zaguzwe muri gride bityo bikagabanya imizigo yimodoka nigiciro cyamashanyarazi.
Kuringaniza imizigo: Gukoresha amashanyarazi ahendutse kugirango yishyure sisitemu yo kubika mugihe gito cyumutwaro (mugihe ibiciro byamashanyarazi ari bike) no kubisohora mugihe cyo hejuru.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ubu ni bumwe mu buryo bukoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ku bucuruzi, inganda na gride, bigamije kugabanya ibiciro by'amashanyarazi cyangwa koroshya imyirondoro.
Amabwiriza yinshuro
Ibisobanuro: Imiyoboro ikeneye kugumya gukora neza (urugero 50Hz mubushinwa). Inshuro zigabanuka mugihe itangwa ritarenze ikoreshwa ryamashanyarazi kandi rikazamuka mugihe itangwa rirenze gukoresha amashanyarazi. Sisitemu yo kubika ingufu irashobora gufasha guhagarika umurongo wa gride mugukuramo cyangwa gutera inshinge binyuze mumashanyarazi yihuse no gusohora.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ububiko bwa Batiri burakwiriye gutanga umurongo wa gride yumurongo kubera igihe cyihuse cyo gusubiza.
Ubukemurampaka
Ibisobanuro: Igikorwa gikoresha itandukaniro ryibiciro byamashanyarazi mubihe bitandukanye byumunsi. Kwishyuza mugihe igiciro cyamashanyarazi ari gito no gusohora mugihe igiciro cyamashanyarazi ari kinini, bityo ukabona itandukaniro ryibiciro.
Bifitanye isano no kubika ingufu: Ubu ni urugero rwinyungu kuri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ku isoko ry amashanyarazi.
Umwanzuro
Gusobanukirwa na tekinoroji ya tekinoroji ya bateri yo kubika ingufu ni irembo ryumurima. Kuva kumashanyarazi yibanze kugeza sisitemu igoye hamwe no kwerekana imiterere, buri jambo ryerekana ikintu cyingenzi cyubuhanga bwo kubika ingufu.
Twizere ko, hamwe nibisobanuro biri muriyi ngingo, uzasobanukirwa neza na bateri zibika ingufu kugirango ubashe gusuzuma neza no guhitamo igisubizo kiboneye cyo kubika ingufu kubyo ukeneye.
Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa (Ibibazo)
Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yubucucike bwingufu nubucucike bwimbaraga?
Igisubizo: Ubucucike bw'ingufu bupima ingufu zose zishobora kubikwa kuri buri gice cy'ubunini cyangwa uburemere (hibandwa ku gihe cyo gusohora); ubucucike bw'imbaraga bupima umubare ntarengwa w'ingufu zishobora gutangwa kuri buri gice cy'ubunini cyangwa uburemere (hibandwa ku gipimo cyo gusohora). Muri make, ubwinshi bwingufu bugena igihe bizamara, nubucucike bwimbaraga bugena uburyo bishobora guturika.
Ni ukubera iki ubuzima bwinzira nubuzima bwa kalendari ari ngombwa?
Igisubizo: Ubuzima bwikiziga bupima ubuzima bwa bateri ikoreshwa kenshi, ikwiranye nibikorwa byimbaraga nyinshi, mugihe ubuzima bwikirangaminsi bupima ubuzima bwa bateri isanzwe ishaje mugihe, ikwiriye guhagarara cyangwa gukoresha kenshi. Hamwe na hamwe, bagena ubuzima bwa bateri yose.
Ni ibihe bikorwa by'ingenzi bya BMS?
Igisubizo: Ibikorwa byingenzi bya BMS birimo gukurikirana uko bateri ihagaze (voltage, ikigezweho, ubushyuhe, SOC, SOH), kurinda umutekano (kurenza urugero, kurenza urugero, ubushyuhe burenze urugero, umuvuduko muke, nibindi), kuringaniza selile, no kuvugana na sisitemu yo hanze. Nibyingenzi byo gukora neza kandi neza imikorere ya sisitemu ya bateri.
Igipimo C ni iki? Ikora iki?
Igisubizo:C-igipimoyerekana inshuro nyinshi zo kwishyuza no gusohora ibyerekeranye nubushobozi bwa bateri. Ikoreshwa mugupima igipimo bateri yashizwemo ikanasohoka kandi ikagira ingaruka kubushobozi nyabwo, imikorere, kubyara ubushyuhe nubuzima bwa bateri.
Ese kogosha impinga nubukemurampaka ni kimwe?
Igisubizo: Byombi muburyo bwimikorere ikoresha sisitemu yo kubika ingufu kugirango yishyure kandi isohore mubihe bitandukanye. Kogosha cyane byibanda cyane ku kugabanya umutwaro nigiciro cyamashanyarazi kubakiriya mugihe cyihariye gisabwa cyane, cyangwa koroshya umurongo uremereye wa gride, mugihe ubukemurampaka bwamahoro butaziguye kandi bukoresha itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati yigihe gitandukanye cyo kugura no kugurisha amashanyarazi kubwinyungu. Intego nibitekerezo biratandukanye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-20-2025