Ukuheha kwamandla elanga akunakuphikwa. Ukuzenzela owakho ugesi ohlanzekile, ovuselelekayo khona kanye ophahleni lwakho kunikeza indlela yokwehlisa izikweletu zamandla kanye nokuncipha kwekhabhoni. Kodwa-ke, abanikazi bezindlu abaningi belanga bathola ukuthi abafaki imali ngokugcwele ekutshalweni kwabo. Kungani? Impendulo imvamisa ilele ekungafanini phakathi kokuthi isistimu yakho ye-solar photovoltaic (PV) ikhiqiza amandla amaningi (imvamisa eminingana) nalapho umndeni wakho usebenzisa amandla amaningi (ngokuvamile ekuseni nakusihlwa). Lokhu kungalingani kuholela ekutheni ingxenye enkulu yamandla akho elanga ayigugu ibuyiselwe kugridi, ngezinye izikhathi ukuze uthole isinxephezelo esincane, kuphela ukuze uthenge ugesi wegridi obizayo kamuva. Lena inselele evamile yokusebenzisa i-PV.
Kodwa kuthiwani uma ungase uthwebule lelo langa lasemini elidlulele futhi ulisebenzise noma nini lapho ulidinga, emini noma ebusuku? Yilapho izixazululo zesitoreji sebhethri zingena khona esithombeni, ziguqula isistimu yakho ye-solar PV isuke kujeneretha elula ibe ihabhu lamandla eliguqukayo, elihlakaniphile. Ngokungeza ibhethri lelanga, ungakwazi ukukhuphula kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-PV, ugcine kahle amandla akho elanga ukuze uwasebenzisele wena.
Lo mhlahlandlela obanzi uzokuhambisa kukho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana nokusebenzisa amabhethri ukukhulisa ukusebenzisa kwakho i-PV. Sizofaka:
- Okushiwo ukuzisebenzisa kwe-PV ngempela nokuthi kungani kubalulekile.
- Indlela amabhethri elanga asebenza ngayo umlingo wawo.
- Izinto ezibalulekile ekukhetheni ibhethri elifanele izidingo zakho.
- Izinyathelo ezibandakanyekayo ekuhlanganiseni isistimu yebhethri.
- Izinzuzo zezezimali nezemvelo ongazilindela.
- Amathiphu okukhulisa ukusebenza kwebhethri lakho nempilo yakho.
Kwa-BSLBATT, sikholelwa ekukunikezeni amandla ngolwazi. Masivule amandla aphelele esistimu yakho ye-solar PV ndawonye.
Ukuqonda Ukuzidla kwe-PV: Kungani Kubalulekile
Ngaphambi kokuthi sijule kumabhethri, ake sichaze ngokucacile ukuthi kuyini ukuzisebenzisela i-PV nokuthi kungani ukukunelisa kuzuzisa kangaka.
A. Iyini i-PV Self-Consumption?
Ngamagama alula, ukuzisebenzisela ngokwakho kwe-PV kubhekisela kumaphesenti wamandla elanga akhiqizwa isistimu yakho ye-PV esetshenziswa ngokuqondile ikhaya lakho, kunokuba ithunyelwe kugridi kagesi.
Ingabalwa ngokuthi:
I-PV Self-Consumption (%) = (Amandla Elanga Asetshenziswa Ngokuqondile Ikhaya / Isamba Samandla Elanga Akhiqizwe Uhlelo lwe-PV) x 100
Isibonelo, uma amaphaneli akho elanga ekhiqiza amandla angu-20 kWh ngosuku, futhi ikhaya lakho lisebenzisa ngokuqondile u-8 kWh walawo mandla elanga, izinga lakho lokuzisebenzisa ngalolo suku lingu-40%. I-12 kWh esele izothunyelwa kugridi ngaphandle uma unebhethri.
B. Izinzuzo Zokwandisa Ukuzisebenzisela Kwe-PV
Ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-PV kuletha izinzuzo eziningi:
- Izikweletu zikagesi ezehlisiwe:Lona ngokuvamile umshayeli oyinhloko. Ngokusebenzisa amandla akho elanga amaningi amahhala, wehlisa ngokuphawulekayo inani likagesi obizayo odinga ukuwuthenga kugridi yensiza, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zakusihlwa zezinga eliphakeme kakhulu.
- Ukuzimela Kwamandla Okukhulisiwe:Ukuthembela kancane kugridi kusho ukulawula okukhulu phezu kokunikezwa kwamandla akho kanye nokuchayeka kancane ezintengo zezinsiza ezishintshayo.
- Imbuyiselo Elungiselelwe Ngokutshalwa Kwemali Elanga (ROI):Uma usebenzisa amandla elanga engeziwe, yilapho ukutshalwa kwezimali kwakho kokuqala ohlelweni lwe-PV (futhi kamuva, ibhethri) kuyakhokha.
- Izinzuzo Zemvelo:Ukusebenzisa amandla akho amaningi elanga ahlanzekile kunciphisa ngokuqondile isidingo sikagesi wegridi, okungenzeka ukuthi ukhiqizwe kumafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, ngaleyo ndlela wehlise i-carbon footprint yakho iyonke.
- Ukusekela Ukuzinza Kwegridi:Nakuba inzuzo yomuntu ngamunye, ngokuhlanganyela, ukuzisebenzisa okuphezulu kunganciphisa ubunzima kugridi kagesi ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu kakhulu.
C. Amanani Ajwayelekile Okusebenzisa Wena (Ngamabhethri Nangaphandle Kwawo)
Ngaphandle kwesistimu yokugcina ibhethri, umndeni ojwayelekile ungathola kuphela izinga lokusebenzisa ngokwakho le-PV elingu-20% ukuya ku-40%. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukukhiqizwa kwe-solar ephakeme kakhulu kuvame ukwenzeka lapho isidingo sasekhaya siphansi (isb., abahlali basemsebenzini noma esikoleni).
Kodwa-ke, ngokuhlanganisa isistimu yokugcina ibhethri yelanga, imindeni ingakwazi ngokuphawulekayoukwandisa ukuzidla kwabo, ngokuvamile ukuya ku-60% kuya ku-80% noma ngisho nangaphezulu, kuye ngosayizi wesistimu namaphethini okusebenzisa amandla.
Indlela Amabhethri Asebenza Ngayo Ukuthuthukisa Ukuzisebenzisela Kwakho Kwe-PV
Manje njengoba sesiqonda ukuthi “kungani,” ake sihlole ukuthi “kanjani.” Ingabe isistimu yebhethri yelanga iwathatha kanjani amandla elanga engeziwe futhi iwenze atholakale lapho uwadinga kakhulu?
A. Umgomo Oyisisekelo: Gcina Manje, Sebenzisa kamuva
Umqondo ulula ngendlela emangalisayo:
- Ukushaja Kwasemini:Emini, amaphaneli elanga akho aguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ugesi we-DC (Direct Current). Lo gesi kuqala unika amandla noma yiziphi izinto ezisebenza ekhaya lakho. Uma amaphaneli akho ekhiqiza ugesi omningi kunalowo osetshenziswa ikhaya lakho njengamanje, la mandla ayinsalela, esikhundleni sokuthi athunyelwe kugridi, asetshenziselwa ukushaja ibhethri lakho lelanga.
- Ukukhishwa Kwakusihlwa/Ebusuku:Njengoba ilanga lishona futhi amaphaneli akho elanga eyeka ukukhiqiza, noma ngezikhathi zokudingeka kakhulu lapho amaphaneli akho engakwazi ukuhambisana, ikhaya lakho lizoqala ngokuzenzakalelayo ukudweba amandla ebhethri elishajiwe.
- Igridi njengesipele:Kuphela uma ibhethri seliphelile futhi amaphaneli akho elanga engakhiqizi lapho ikhaya lakho lizodonsa khona ugesi kugridi.
Le ndlela "yesitolo manje, sebenzisa kamuva" iyitshe legumbi lokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-PV ngokwakho.
B. Izingxenye Ezibalulekile Zohlelo Lwesitoreji Sebhethri Lelanga
Isistimu yendawo yokuhlala yebhethri yelanga ejwayelekile ihlanganisa izingxenye ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ezisebenza ngokuvumelana:
- Amaphaneli elanga: Umthombo wamandla akho avuselelekayo.
- I-Solar Battery Bank: Inhliziyo yesistimu yokugcina, equkethe amaseli ebhethri (imvamisa i-lithium-ion) agcina futhi akhulule amandla kagesi. Amabhethri e-BSLBATT, isibonelo, asebenzisa amaseli e-Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) athuthukisiwe aziwa ngokuphepha kwawo nokuphila isikhathi eside.
- I-Inverter (Imvamisa I-Hybrid Inverter): Amaphaneli elanga akhiqiza ugesi we-DC, kuyilapho izindlu eziningi zisebenzisa ugesi we-AC (Alternating Current). I-inverter iguqula i-DC ibe yi-AC. Isiguquli esiyingxubevange sisebenza kahle kakhulu njengoba singakwazi ukulawula ukuhamba kwamandla ukusuka kumaphaneli elanga, ukuya ebhethrini, ukuya ekhaya lakho, kanye nokuya/kusuka kugridi, konke ngeyunithi eyodwa. Amanye amasistimu asebenzisa iziguquli ezihlukene zohlelo lwe-PV nebhethri (i-AC-coupled).
- Uhlelo Lokuphatha Ibhethri (BMS): Lona “ubuchopho” bebhethri. I-BMS iqapha futhi ilawule ukushajwa nokushajwa kwebhethri, ilivikele ekushajweni ngokweqile, ekukhishweni ngokweqile, namazinga okushisa adlulele, futhi ithuthukise ukusebenza kwayo nempilo yayo. I-BMS eyinkimbinkimbi ibalulekile ekuphepheni nasekusebenzeni kahle.
- Uhlelo Lokuqapha: Amasistimu amaningi ebhethri esimanje afika nesofthiwe yokuqapha noma uhlelo lokusebenza (njenge-BSLBATT Cloud Platform) ekuvumela ukuthi ulandelele isizukulwane sakho selanga, isimo sebhethri, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla, nokonga ngesikhathi sangempela.
C. Ukulawulwa Kwebhethri Okuhlakaniphile: Ukuthuthukisa Ukushaja Nokuyikhipha
Amasistimu ebhethri elanga yesimanje aya ngokuya ehlakanipha. I-BMS yabo ingahlelwa ngamasu ayinkimbinkimbi okushaja nawokukhulula ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuzisebenzisa nokonga:
- Ukubeka Eqhulwini Ukuzidla:Uhlelo luzohlala lubeka phambili ukusebenzisa amandla elanga noma ebhethri atholakalayo ukuze kulayishwe ekhaya ngaphambi kokuthekelisa noma ukungenisa kusuka kugridi.
- Ukuthuthukisa Isikhathi Sokusebenzisa (TOU):Uma insiza yakho inezintengo ze-TOU (lapho amanani kagesi ehluka ngesikhathi sosuku), ibhethri lingahlelwa ukuthi lishaje ngamahora okungasebenzi kakhulu (lapho ugesi wegridi ushibhile, noma uvela elanga) futhi ukhishwe phakathi namahora aphakeme kakhulu (lapho ugesi wegridi ubiza kakhulu), kuthuthukiswe ukonga.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kokubikezela Isimo Sezulu:Amanye amasistimu athuthukile angakwazi ngisho nokuhlanganisa nezibikezelo zesimo sezulu ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukushaja - isibonelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhethri ishajwe ngokugcwele ngaphambi kwesikhathi esilindelekile sokuguqubala.
Lezi zici ezihlakaniphile ziqinisekisa ukuthi ukutshalwa kwezimali kwesitoreji sakho samandla kusebenza kanzima ngangokunokwenzeka kuwe.
Ukukhetha Ibhethri Elilungile Lohlelo Lwakho Lwe-PV: Umhlahlandlela Womthengi
Ukukhetha ibhethri lelanga elifanele kuyisinyathelo esibalulekile sokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-PV nokuqinisekisa imbuyiselo ezuzisayo ekutshaleni kwakho. Akusona isinqumo okufanele sithathwe kalula, futhi indlela yokulinganisa usayizi owodwa ayivamile ukusebenza. Lo mhlahlandlela womthengi uzokuhambisa ezintweni ezibalulekile zokukusiza ukuthi ukhethe ibhethri lelanga elingcono kakhulu lekhaya lakho.
A. Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabange Ngaphambi Kokuthenga
Ngaphambi kokuthi uqale nokubheka amamodeli webhethri nokucaciswa, kubalulekile ukuqonda isimo sakho esihlukile kanye nezidingo zamandla:Iphrofayili Yakho Yokusebenzisa Amandla:
1. Hlaziya ukusebenzisa kwakho ugesi kwansuku zonke nangesizini:
Uvamise ukusebenzisa ugesi ongakanani (nge-kWh) ngosuku, ngenyanga, nangonyaka? Zinini izikhathi zakho eziphezulu zokusebenzisa? Izindleko zakho zokusebenza zesikhathi esidlule ziyisiqalo esihle, noma ungase ucabangele idivayisi yokuqapha amandla ekhaya ukuze uthole imininingwane eyengeziwe.
2. Khomba izikhathi zokufunwa kwakho okuphezulu:
Ingabe usebenzisa amandla amaningi njalo ekuseni ngaphambi kokuba amaphaneli akho elanga akhuphuke, noma kusihlwa ngemva kokuyeka ukukhiqiza? Lezi izikhathi ezibalulekile ibhethri lakho elizobizwa ngazo.
B. Okubalulekile: Ukuthola Iseluleko Sochwepheshe
Nakuba lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukukunika amandla ngolwazi, asikwazi ukweqa ukubaluleka kokubonisana nezifaki eziqeqeshiwe, ezinezitifiketi, nezinolwazi lwelanga nebhethri. Bazo:
- Yenza ukuhlolwa kwesayithi okuningiliziwe.
- Hlaziya ngokunembile amaphethini akho okusebenzisa amandla.
- Ikusiza ukuthi uzulazule ngezimfuneko zemvume yendawo kanye nezimfuneko zokuxhumanisa insiza.
- Ncoma isixazululo sebhethri lelanga elifaneleka kakhulu nesibizayo, njengesistimu ye-BSLBATT enosayizi ofanele, yekhaya lakho nezidingo ezithile.
- Qinisekisa ukufakwa okuphephile nokuthobelayo okukhulisa ukusebenza nokuphila isikhathi eside.
Ukutshala imali ebhethri lelanga kuyisinqumo esibalulekile. Ukubambisana nezingcweti ezifanele kuzoqinisekisa ukuthi wenza ukukhetha unolwazi futhi uthola okuningi kusistimu yakho yokugcina amandla yasekhaya iminyaka eminingi ezayo.
Indaba eyisibonelo: Umthelela Womhlaba Wangempela Wesitoreji Sebhethri se-BSLBATT
Ithiyori nokucaciswa kubalulekile, kodwa ukubona umthelela womhlaba wangempela kungakhanyisela ngempela. Ake sibheke ukuthi isistimu yebhethri yasekhaya ye-BSLBATT isize kanjani umndeni ojwayelekile ukhulise kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwawo kwe-PV futhi wehlise ukuthembela kwawo kugridi.
Inselele Yomndeni wakwaMiller:
Umndeni wakwaMiller, ohlala e-UK, ufake isistimu ye-solar PV engu-10kW eminyakeni embalwa edlule. Nakuba bejabule ngesizukulwane sabo selanga, babona ingxenye enkulu yamandla abo elanga ithunyelwa kugridi emini ngesikhathi besemsebenzini. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwamandla ebusuku kwakuphezulu, okuholele ezikweletini ezinkulu zikagesi nakuba benogesi welanga. Isilinganiso sabo sokusebenzisa i-PV ngokwabo sasicishe sibe ngama-35%.
Isixazululo se-BSLBATT:
Ngemva kokubonisana nesifaki esiqinisekisiwe, abaMiller bakhethe ukuthola amandla angu-20kWhIbhethri ye-rack ye-BSLBATT engu-5kWh. Isistimu yayilinganiselwe ukuze igcine isizukulwane sazo esivamile sasemini yasemini.
Imiphumela:
I-PV Self-Consumption Inyuka: Phakathi nenyanga yokuqala, ukusetshenziswa kwe-Miller's PV self-consumption kweqa kusuka ku-35% kuya ku-85%.
Ukwethembela Kwegridi Encishisiwe: Ukuthembela kwabo ekuthengeni ugesi wegridi kwehle ngaphezu kuka-70%.
Ukuthula Engqondweni: Isistimu yabo ye-BSLBATT nayo yalungiselelwa amandla ekhophi yasenqolobaneni, ibanike ugesi wezinto ezisetshenziswayo ezibalulekile phakathi nokucisha kwegridi yasendaweni okubili selokhu yafakwa.
"Ukufaka ibhethri ye-BSLBATT kuye kwashintsha umdlalo wethu," kusho uNkk. Miller. "Kuyajabulisa ukubona amandla elanga esetshenziswa ekhaya ubusuku bonke. Izikweletu zethu ziphansi ngokuphawulekayo, futhi isici samandla esisekelayo sisinika ukuthula kwangempela kwengqondo."
Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (FAQ)
Siyaqonda ukuthi ungase ube nemibuzo eminingi mayelana nokusebenzisa amabhethri ukuze ukhulise ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-PV. Nazi izimpendulo zemibuzo evamile:
Q1: Ibhethri lingakwenyusa malini ngokweqiniso ukusebenzisa kwami i-PV?
I-A1: Ngokujwayelekile, ibhethri lelanga elinosayizi olungile lingakhuphula ukusetshenziswa kwe-PV kusuka kusilinganiso esingu-20-40% (ngaphandle kwebhethri) kuya ku-60-80% noma ngisho nangaphezulu. Ukwanda okuqondile kuncike kusayizi wesistimu sonozungezilanga, umthamo webhethri, amaphethini okusebenzisa amandla ekhaya lakho, nesu lokuphatha ibhethri. Isibonelo, isistimu edizayinelwe ukugcina iningi lesilinganiso sakho sansuku zonke eseqile solar izoletha izinga eliphezulu lokuzithengela wena.
Q2: Ngingakwazi ukuphuma ngokuphelele kugridi ngesistimu yebhethri yelanga?
I-A2: Yize kungenzeka ngokobuchwepheshe, ukuphuma ngokuphelele kugridi ngesistimu yelanga nebhethri yendawo yokuhlala kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela, ama-solar amakhulu kakhulu (futhi abiza kakhulu) amaqoqo elanga namabhange amabhethri ukumboza zonke izidingo zamandla (ikakhulukazi phakathi nenkathi yamafu enwetshiwe noma ubusika), futhi ngokuvamile ukulungiswa okuthile kwendlela yokuphila ukuze ulawule ukusetshenziswa kwamandla. Amasistimu amaningi ebhethri elanga, okuhlanganisa nokufakwa okuningi kwe-BSLBATT, ahlanganiswe negridi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uhlala uxhumekile kugridi njengesipele esithembekile, futhi usengakwazi ukuthekelisa noma imaphi amandla eqile ngempela (isb, uma ibhethri lakho ligcwele futhi isidingo sasekhaya sihlangatshezwana). Amasistimu ahlanganiswe negridi anekhophi yasenqolobaneni yebhethri ngenxa yokucisha anikeza ibhalansi enhle yokuzimela nokwethembeka kubanikazi abaningi bezindlu.
Q3: Kwenzekani lapho ugesi ucisha uma nginebhethri yelanga?
I-A3: Uma isistimu yakho yebhethri yelanga iklanywe futhi yafakwa ngokusebenza kwamandla ayisipele (ngokuvamile okudinga iphaneli yomthwalo obalulekile noma amakhono athile okushintshashintsha kwesiguquli), ingase “iqhingi” ngokuzenzakalelayo noma inqamule kugridi ngesikhathi sokucima futhi iqhubeke inika amandla izinto ezibalulekile endlini yakho usebenzisa amandla ebhethri agciniwe nanoma yisiphi isizukulwane esiqhubekayo solar. Ushintsho ngokuvamile alunamthungo. Amasistimu ebhethri e-BSLBATT angalungiselelwa ngama-inverter ayi-hybrid aholayo ukuze anikeze lesi sici samandla ayisipele esibalulekile, ukugcina izibani zakho zikhanya, isiqandisi sisebenza, kanye namadivayisi abalulekile anikwe amandla.
I-Q4: Ingabe ukufaka ibhethri lelanga kuyiprojekthi ye-DIY?
A4: Lutho neze. Ukufaka isistimu yebhethri yelanga kuhlanganisa ukusebenza ngama-voltage aphezulu, izintambo zikagesi eziyinkimbinkimbi, namakhodi athile okuphepha nemithethonqubo. Ukufaka okungalungile kungaba yingozi kakhulu, kulimaze okokusebenza, iziqinisekiso eziyize, futhi kungase kungahambisani namakhodi endawo kagesi noma izivumelwano zokuxhumanisa insizakalo. Njalo sebenzisa ochwepheshe abaqeqeshiwe, abaqinisekisiwe, nabanomshwalense wokufaka ibhethri lelanga. Banobuchwepheshe namathuluzi okuqinisekisa ukusetha okuphephile nokusebenzayo.
Uma unemibuzo eyengeziwe, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nochwepheshe kuI-BSLBATTnoma isifaki sendawo esiqinisekisiwe.
Isiphetho: Lawula Amandla Akho Elanga nge-BSLBATT
Ukwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwakho kwe-PV akuseyona indida eyinkimbinkimbi. Ngokufika kwezixazululo ezithuthukisiwe zokugcina ibhethri lelanga, njengalezo eziklanywe ngobuchwepheshe i-BSLBATT, manje usunamandla okulawula ngokugcwele amandla ahlanzekile akhiqizwa amaphaneli akho elanga.
Ngokugcina amandla akho elanga engeziwe phakathi nosuku futhi uwasebenzise ngesikhathi owadinga ngaso kakhulu - kusihlwa, phakathi nenani eliphakeme kakhulu, noma phakathi nokucisha kwegridi - ungakwazi:
- Yehlisa kakhulu izikweletu zakho zikagesi.
- Khulisa amandla akho okuzimela nokuvikeleka.
- Lungiselela imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwakho kwe-solar.
- Yehlisa kakhulu i-carbon footprint yekhaya lakho.
Uhambo oluya ekuzoneliseni okwengeziwe ngamandla lunika amandla. Kubandakanya ukuqonda izidingo zakho zamandla, ukukhetha ubuchwepheshe obufanele, kanye nokusebenzisana nezingcweti ezithenjwayo. Amasistimu ebhethri e-BSLBATT LFP aklanywe ngokusebenza, ukuphepha, nokuphila isikhathi eside emnyombweni wawo, enikeza isisekelo esithembekile sesu lakho lokugcina amandla ekhaya.
Ingabe usukulungele ukuvula amandla aphelele esistimu yakho ye-solar PV futhi uthuthukise kakhulu ukusebenzisa kwakho?
Hlola ububanzi bokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-BSLBATTamabhethri elanga okuhlalafuthi uthole ukulingana okuphelele kwekhaya lakho.
Ikusasa lamandla asekhaya lihlakaniphile, liyakwazi ukuqina, futhi liyakwazi ukuzimela. Vumela i-BSLBATT ikusize uyinike amandla.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-10-2025